Gut Microflora and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Review

AUTHOR(S)
Piyush Goel ・ Nidhi Garg ・ Pushp Lata ・ Raj Kumar ・ and Kiran Bala*

ABSTRACT
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ACVD) is one of the leading causes of death throughout the world. ACVD is inflammatory and occurs due to the deposition of lipids in the arterial lumen. The increasing trend of ACVD can be attributed to the sedentary lifestyle and it is imperative to investigate the causes of ACVD and their prevention. The human gut hosts an enormous diversity of microbes. This enormous microbial community inhabiting the human gut are responsible for several conditions associated with ACVD and plays a crucial role in its progression. Different methods for studying gut microflora have been developed, which has led to the discovery of dysbiosis. Dysbiosis is the change in homeostasis of the microfloral community. Several external factors are responsible for the dysbiosis including diet, mode of delivery, age, sex, body mass index, host genetics, and antibiotic usage. Dysbiosis results in the release of altered amounts of some bioactive metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), bile acids, and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) which can be a contributing factor in the progression of atherosclerosis. This review will enlist the role of dysbiosis of gut microbiota in atherogenicity and their relevant applications in its prevention. With an adequate understanding of the process involved in gut microbiota dysbiosis, scientists worldwide can develop potential therapeutics for ACVD.

DOI: 10.59118/GITF3848
PAGES : 61-70